Which type of firearm action involves manually cycling the action to load the next round?

The type of firearm action that requires manually cycling the action to load the next round is the pump action shotgun. In this system, the user must pull the forend of the shotgun back and then push it forward to chamber a round. This process of cycling the action is essential for the operation of a pump-action shotgun, making it distinct from other types where the cycling happens automatically or is not required for reloading.

In contrast, semi-automatic pistols and semi-automatic shotguns load the next round automatically after firing, while double-action revolvers can either be fired double-action (pulling the trigger both cocks and fires) or single-action (cocking the hammer first). Bolt action rifles require the user to manually lift and pull back the bolt handle, which chambers the next round, but this is not the same cycling mechanism as the pump action shotgun.